Chapter 7 

Be able to define 

Stigma

                Tribal stigma

                Abominations of the body

                Blemishes of character

Personal-group discrepancy

Stereotype threat

Looking glass self-hypothesis. 

Disengagement

Disidentification

Behavioral compensation 

1.  What are different ways/dimensions that characterize different types of stigma?  What different consequences are associated with visible stigma versus stigma that are concealed?  How does controllability relate to being stigmatized? If a person is able to remove a stigma (e.g., by losing weight) does research evidence suggest that it would be beneficial to reveal this success to others?

2.  What is stigma by association?

3.  What role does attributional ambiguity play in perceptions of prejudice?  How does this attributional  ambiguity effect African American’s response to positive and negative feedback? 

4.  What is the difference between cognitive and motivational explanations for the personal-group discrepancy.

5.  Be familiar with Steele and Aronson (1995) research on stereotype threat and Blacks vs. Whites performance on academic tests.  What did these researchers find with regard to stereotype activation and stereotype avoidance?

6.  What groups are likely to experience stereotype threat?

7.  In what ways can stereotype threat be eliminated? 

8.  What are the potential costs and benefits of “John Henryism” type behavior?  How is this an example of compensatory coping styles?